Since the liberalization of the electric market, companies have been forced to determine the optimal operation scheduling of their generation hydro units and management of the stored water in the reservoirs according to the economical and operational signals from the medium-term. This paper is on the problem of short-term hydro scheduling (STHS), presenting a model, based on mixed-integer quadratically constrained programming (MIQCP), which combines in the same optimization the short- and medium-term horizon. The main contributions of this paper are the level of detail in the representation of the hydrological system, working at the level of generation units, considering the temporal interconnections of the elements and computing the target levels needed at the end of the short-term internally. The proposed model has been applied successfully to solve a study case of a purely hydro system, providing a very realistic and feasible operation scheduling at an acceptable computation time.
Director: Javier García González
Autor: Miguel Ángel Fernández
Lugar: Aula de Seminarios

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For its first and second trading periods, the European Union Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS) has shown some limitations to take advantage of the power sector’s potential to reduce CO2 emissions. Recent amendments will start applying from 2013 with new allocation rules and a tighter EU‐wide cap. Even under stricter rules, there is some uncertainty about the effectiveness of the EU ETS on its own to reduce emissions from power generation. Marginal Abatement Cost Curves (MACC) are used in this paper to assess the potential of abatement for the power system in response to carbon prices during Phase III. The MACC are derived from a mid‐term planning model for the operation of power system during one year under the assumptions of perfect competition and market coupling. The results show that there is a strong potential of emissions abatement under the EU ETS with the available technologies. However, very low carbon prices increment the costs for consumers and society without bringing on any significant reduction on emissions. Results are greatly conditioned by the consideration of network constraints and to a lesser extent by assumptions on the demand and generation portfolio. Director: Javier Reneses
Autor: Mercedes Vallés
Lugar: Aula de Seminarios

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Tesis dirigida por Pablo Frías y Javier Reneses
The continued development of intermittent power sources and the consequent displacement of conventional generation will require that intermittent generators offer at least some of the ancillary services that are necessary to ensure power systems security and stability, such as frequency control services.
The proposed PhD thesis aims to analyze the impact of intermittent generation on frequency control reserves and the economic implications of the participation of intermittent generators in reserve markets not only on power system operation costs and but also on generators costs. Based on the results of these analyses and on a critical review of current market designs, a regulatory framework to encourage the participation of intermittent generators in reserve markets will be proposed. The case studies of Spain and Denmark – which represent different situations for isolated and interconnected power systems – will be analyzed so that conclusions can be derived for other European countries.
Autor: Camila Fernandes
Lugar: Aula de seminarios del IIT

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